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Euclid (Greek ????e?d?? — Eukleides), fl. 300 BC, also known as Euclid of Alexandria is popularly considered as the "Father of Geometry". He was a Greek mathematician, who according to some sources came from Tyre.[1] He is believed to have been active in Alexandria, during the reign of Ptolemy I (323 BC–283 BC). His Elements is the most successful textbook in the history of mathematics. In it, the principles of what is now called Euclidean geometry are deduced from a small set of axioms. Euclid also wrote works on perspective, conic sections, spherical geometry, and rigor. Little is known about Euclid and his writings. What little biographical information we do have comes largely from commentaries by Proclus and Pappus of Alexandria. Euclid was active at the great Library of Alexandria and may have studied at Plato's Academy in Greece. The date and place of Euclid's birth and the date and circumstances of his death are unknown. Some writers in the Middle Ages confused him with Euclid of Megara, a Greek Socratic philosopher who lived approximately one century earlier.[2] Although many of the results in Elements originated with earlier mathematicians, one of Euclid's accomplishments was to present them in a single, logically coherent framework, making it easy to use and easy to reference, including a system of rigorous mathematical proofs that remains the basis of mathematics 23 centuries later[citation needed].
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