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Coordinates 55°56'58?N 3°09'37?W? / ?55.949556, -3.160288 Located in the south-east of Scotland, Edinburgh lies on the east coast of the Central Belt, along the Firth of Forth, near the North Sea. Owing to its rugged setting and vast collection of Medieval and Georgian architecture, including numerous stone tenements, it is often considered one of the most picturesque cities in Europe. It forms the City of Edinburgh council area; the city council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30-square-mile (78&_160;km2) rural area. It has been capital of Scotland since 1437 (replacing Dunfermline.[2]) It is the seat of the Scottish Parliament. The city was one of the major centres of the Enlightenment, led by the University of Edinburgh, earning it the nickname Athens of the North. The Old Town and New Town districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city.[3] In the census of 2001, Edinburgh had a total resident population of 448,625.
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